When your air conditioner stops working in the heat of summer, knowing what to check first can save you time and money. By asking the right questions, you can quickly identify the issue and decide whether it’s a simple fix or time to call a professional.
Is the Thermostat Set Correctly and Functioning?
One of the first things to check when troubleshooting a broken air conditioner is the thermostat.1 Ensure it is set to “cool” and that the temperature is lower than the current room temperature. Sometimes, thermostats can be accidentally switched to “heat” or “fan” mode, which will prevent the air conditioner from cooling the room.
If the settings are correct, but the unit isn’t responding, the thermostat’s batteries might need replacing. In some cases, the thermostat itself may be faulty and require a reset or replacement. Check if the display is blank or if the system isn’t clicking on when adjusted, as these are common signs of a malfunctioning thermostat. A quick review of the thermostat settings can often solve the problem and save you from further troubleshooting. However, if the unit still doesn’t cool, there may be other underlying issues.
Are the Air Filters Clogged or Dirty?
Dirty or clogged air filters are one of the most common reasons an air conditioner stops working efficiently.2 Air filters trap dust, debris, and allergens, but over time, they can become blocked, reducing airflow and causing the unit to strain. This can result in poor cooling performance, uneven air distribution, or even cause the system to shut down to prevent overheating.
Inspect the air filter regularly and clean or replace it at least once every one to three months, depending on usage and environmental factors. A clean filter can improve airflow, energy efficiency, and indoor air quality. If your unit seems to be struggling to cool the room, checking the air filter is an easy first step. In many cases, replacing a dirty filter can resolve the issue without the need for costly repairs or further intervention.
Is the Circuit Breaker Tripped or a Fuse Blown?
Another potential issue when your air conditioner isn’t working could be an electrical problem, such as a tripped circuit breaker or a blown fuse. Air conditioners draw a significant amount of power, and if the circuit becomes overloaded, it can trip the breaker, cutting off electricity to the unit.
Head to your electrical panel and check if the breaker for the air conditioner is in the “off” position. If it is, flip it back on and see if the unit resumes functioning. However, if the breaker continues to trip, there may be a deeper electrical issue, such as a short circuit, which would require professional attention.
Similarly, older units may experience blown fuses that prevent the system from running. If resetting the breaker doesn’t resolve the issue, it’s a good idea to call an HVAC technician to inspect the electrical components.
Is There Adequate Airflow and Are the Vents Clear?
Blocked vents or poor airflow can prevent your air conditioner from cooling properly. First, make sure all vents and registers in your home are open and unobstructed. Furniture, curtains, or other household items may block airflow, causing your AC unit to overwork and cool unevenly.
Additionally, check the area around the outdoor condenser unit to ensure that it’s free of debris, leaves, or dirt that may hinder airflow. The condenser needs to have sufficient space and airflow to release heat efficiently, so clearing a two-foot radius around it can improve performance. Poor airflow can also be caused by issues with the unit’s fan or ductwork. If you notice weak airflow even after clearing vents and debris, the system might require a more detailed inspection by a technician. Maintaining good airflow is essential for the proper functioning of your air conditioner and to prevent overheating.
When to Call for Help
While some air conditioner issues can be resolved with basic troubleshooting, certain problems require professional assistance. If you’ve checked the thermostat, filters, circuit breaker, and airflow but your unit still isn’t functioning, it’s time to call an HVAC technician.
Additionally, if you notice unusual sounds such as grinding, squealing, or banging, or if there’s water leaking around the unit, these could be signs of more serious mechanical issues, like a failing compressor or refrigerant leak. Electrical problems, such as persistent tripping of the circuit breaker or strange smells (like burning) when the AC is running, also warrant immediate attention.
It’s crucial to avoid DIY fixes for complex issues, as improper handling could lead to further damage or safety hazards. Calling a professional ensures that the problem is accurately diagnosed and repaired, extending the lifespan of your unit and ensuring reliable cooling.
Learn More About Troubleshooting a Broken Air Conditioner
Troubleshooting a broken air conditioner starts with simple checks like adjusting the thermostat, cleaning air filters, and inspecting electrical connections. By addressing these common issues, you can often resolve the problem without professional help. However, if the system remains unresponsive or shows signs of deeper issues, it’s important to contact a technician. For further guidance and detailed advice, learn more about troubleshooting a broken air conditioner to ensure your home stays cool and comfortable.